Probably, the most widespread working memory model nowadaysis the modelproposed by Baddeley in 2000.Īs we all recall, this model consists of a central executive component (CE) and 3 subordinate systems that process different types of information: the visuospatial sketchpad, the phonological loop, and the episodic buffer. The revised version of Baddeley’s working memory model Therefore, while both types of memory are characterized by temporary storage and activation of information in consciousness, working memory adds a manipulation component, that is, it transforms the information working memory builds relationships between different data that it manages, and integrates these data with information stored in long-term memory, thereby enabling the performance of important cognitive processes such as language comprehension and reasoning. While the concept of short-term memory primarily refers to the capacity to hold information in mind in an active state for a brief period of time (30-40 seconds), the concept of working memory or operative memory, by contrast, emphasizes the role of memory as a control system for information processing, and is defined as a memory system for the temporary storage and manipulation of information, that underlies more complex cognitive processes such as language comprehension, reading, and reasoning
So, what do we mean by short-term memory and working memory? What are the differences between the two? Defining different types of memory: working memory and short-term memory In the clinical setting, however, we do make an explicit distinction between short-term memory spantests(or simple span tasks–for example,WAIS-IV “Digit Span Forward”) and working memory span tests (or complex span tasks–for example,WAIS-IV “Digit Span Backward” and “Digit Span Sequencing”). Thus, there is no consensus in this ongoing theoretical debate. In the existing literature, some authors consider short-term memory to be a subset of working memory, whereas others argue for the inverse relationship, and finallythere are those who use both terms interchangeablybecause they see both as the same memory system. One distinction we usually make when talking about different human memory systems is between working memory and short-term memory.
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